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Definition and Difference of Simplas, Apoplas, and Transmembrane Transport

Water is a very important component for living things, including plants. Compounds consisting of 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom not only play an important role in the process of photosynthesis but also in the overall process of growing and developing plants.

Moreover, plants are sessile creatures. When there is interference from outside they cannot move easily like animals. The only thing they can do is try to adapt to the disorder (fight). So that sustainability will depend on the substances in the area where he lives and how he manages and allocates these substances to complex parts of his body.

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Plants themselves can only absorb water from the soil through the roots. However, this water is of course also needed by other organs that are above the ground such as stems and leaves. Therefore plants need to transport water that they absorb from the ground to other organs above the ground. The transportation can at least be realized through the 3 transport lines as follows.

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Plant Physiology

1. Simplas

In simplex transport, initially water from the epidermal cell of the feather will be inserted into the cell. The entry of water into this cell can be through a passive alias diffusion transport mechanism. If you have successfully entered, then the water will continue to move from one cell to another cell using plasmodesmata.

Plasmodesmata is a part of the cytoplasm that is joined between one plant cell and plant cells next to it. This part is formed when cell division occurs. Through this section plant cells are connected to each other and plants use it to transport water and other substances.

Water that enters through the simplas pathway will then move on until it reaches the vascular tissue. The sequence starts from the root hair cells, cortex cells, endodermis, perisicles, and ends in xylem. If it has arrived at xylem, it means that the plant is ready to transport the water to the higher parts of the plant (stems and leaves).

2. Apoplas

Unlike the simplas transport, in the apoplast water will not be directly inserted into the cell. Water actually moves by utilizing the extracellular spaces contained in the cell wall. Intercellular space formed in plant tissue can also be passed by this aplast transport.

Unfortunately once reaching the endodermis the apoplast flow rate will be stopped by the cassava band. As a result, water is forced into the cell to reach the endodermis through the plasma membrane. If it successfully enters the endodermis, the water will follow the simplas flow until it reaches the transport network (xylem).

3. Transmembrane Line

In general, water transport in plants will only involve the apoplast and simplas pathways. But in reality there is still one more path that can be used, namely the transmembrane line.

As quoted from Taiz & Zeiger (2003), the transmembrane line can be said to be a combination of the simplas line and the apoplas lane. Through this mechanism, water will enter the cell on one side, then exit the cell on the other side. Then the water will return to the next cell and will come out again from the cell at the end, and so on. With this transport route, of course water can pass through the cassava tape without the need for plasmodesmata.

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Those are the three water transport lines that are owned by plants. Which transport path to use will depend on the environmental conditions and factors of the plant. But clearly plants can utilize these three pathways to transport water from the ground to the transport network to all organs.

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